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Topic: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy

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Gigem

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11242 on: November 03, 2024, 09:44:26 AM »
I’ve never worked in an oil refinery but I have been in a petrochemical facility. My understanding is that when you refine a barrel of oil you get a crack spread.  So much percentage of gasoline, diesel, naphtha, kerosene, all the way up and down the hydrocarbons molecular chain.  You can adjust the spread by increasing the heat here or lowering the heat there but you can’t just make 90% of one thing.




Gigem

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11243 on: November 03, 2024, 09:56:50 AM »
What I can’t understand is what’s going to happen to the entire supply chain of hydrocarbons if we see a decrease in the demand for gasoline and diesel. You still need naphtha, fuel oil, jet fuel, all the heavies and lights that they use to make tires and asphalt. You can’t just not make the fuel ( diesel and gas) , or at least I don’t think you can. You might be able to then reprocess the fuel to turn it into something else, but I have no idea how that works. 

I suspect that there will be a lot of cheap fuel available and 3rd world countries will use it. Heavy industry will use it too, because a lot of this construction equipment isn’t ideal to run on battery power or electricity. 

Cincydawg

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11244 on: November 03, 2024, 09:59:17 AM »
Petroleum cracking, also known as "cracking," is a chemical process that breaks down large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, lighter molecules. This process is a vital step in the refining of crude oil and is used to produce gasoline, diesel, heating oil, and other petroleum products. 

Cracking is performed by subjecting the hydrocarbon molecules to high temperatures and pressures, or by using catalytic agents. The rate of cracking and the end products depend on the temperature and the presence of catalysts. 


Cincydawg

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11245 on: November 03, 2024, 10:05:12 AM »
You can "crack" the heavies to lighter compounds, but it's not feasible to go the other direction.  Gasoline is generally the seven carbon chains up to about ten (C-7-C10), it varies a bit in winter, it can have some down to C4 (which is highly volatile) up to C12.  Diesel is about C10 to C20. 

Preferred gasoline is branched (to provide high "octane"), and preferred Diesel is straight (to provide high Cetane, low Octane).  Octane chemically of course is a C8 hydrocarbon compound, but in gasoline, it refers to the degree of branching (along with other additives like ethanol which is an octane enhancer).

You can find gasoline without ethanol, it costs more because it's more expensive to get the octane up without ethanol.  High octane gas once was called "ethyl" because it contained tetraethyl lead, which was never a good idea environmentally. 

« Last Edit: November 03, 2024, 10:35:35 AM by Cincydawg »

betarhoalphadelta

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11246 on: November 03, 2024, 10:07:13 AM »
The top of Mauna Kea is "other worldly".  I've never visited a place that looked like I'd expect Mars to look to that extent.  You can't get to the top of Mauna Loa by vehicle, maybe a mountain bike would.  It's almost as tall and a whole lot larger. 


Yeah, I'm hoping to get there. We're talking about it next year. 

I've been to the top of Haleakala on Maui, and did the hike of the crater. Kind of agree--it seemed like hiking on the moon or something. And then some of the plants as you dropped a bit in elevation were amazing and completely different from anything I've ever seen closer to sea level. 

Cincydawg

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11247 on: November 03, 2024, 10:16:41 AM »
The "Big Island" is different, in my mind, a lot of it is very desolate, just black and brown rock as far as one can see.  Parts are tropical rain forest.  Parts are resorts (mostly on the western side).  A good portion is cattle and horse ranches, it looks like Texas.  My wife likes it a lot, unfortunately.

The beaches, in my view, are not that great.  The sand is brownish and coarse, there can be rock outcroppings that can skin your feet.  Some are quite pretty, palm trees and whatnot, some have pools just inland.  The resorts are quite nice.

We usually drive to Volcano NP when we're there, of late not much has been happening though.  Chain of Craters road is interesting.

847badgerfan

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11248 on: November 03, 2024, 10:21:19 AM »
Kauai is my favorite of the islands. Oahu is fine, particularly the North Shore.
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Cincydawg

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11249 on: November 03, 2024, 10:25:15 AM »
The last time we were on Mauna Kea, this happened, suddenly.  It snowed even heavier on us a minute later but the rangers came by and said we had to leave now.  It was really coming down.


betarhoalphadelta

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11250 on: November 03, 2024, 10:25:56 AM »
The "Big Island" is different, in my mind, a lot of it is very desolate, just black and brown rock as far as one can see.  Parts are tropical rain forest.  Parts are resorts (mostly on the western side).  A good portion is cattle and horse ranches, it looks like Texas.  My wife likes it a lot, unfortunately.

The beaches, in my view, are not that great.  The sand is brownish and coarse, there can be rock outcroppings that can skin your feet.  Some are quite pretty, palm trees and whatnot, some have pools just inland.  The resorts are quite nice.

We usually drive to Volcano NP when we're there, of late not much has been happening though.  Chain of Craters road is interesting.
I've never been. My wife has been once, but that was when she was with her ex who wasn't exactly the type to drive up to the top of desolate mountains for fun, and CERTAINLY not to hike lol :57: 

Her really good friends in Long Beach lost their dad earlier this year, and he was a vet so they plan next year to take his ashes to Honolulu for his military funeral service. We're going to go along for that and then plan to hop over to the big island as part of the same trip. 

Speaking of weather, the Haleakala hike was a crazy day. Get up and into the car at 3 AM, drive up to the top of a mountain at 10,000 ft where it's 32 degrees to see the sunrise service. Then an 11.5 mile hike where the weather kept getting better and better--until it started raining sideways. Back in the car, completely drenched, go back down the mountain to get back to Kaanapali where it's 80 degrees and sunny. 

Cincydawg

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11251 on: November 03, 2024, 10:32:00 AM »
A thing to bear in mind, the airlines there charge baggage fees, and your status on Delta or whatever means nothing to them. 

I think Kauai is more like what folks think "Hawaii" really is.  Oahu is in places, but Honolulu is a large city there.  Maui had a lot of "commercial areas" that didn't look great to me, along with the resorts and the mountain.  We had friends who went to Molokai, the photos looked "primitive".

« Last Edit: November 03, 2024, 10:37:50 AM by Cincydawg »

Cincydawg

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11252 on: November 03, 2024, 10:45:38 AM »
This is looking down off Chain of Craters road, which is one way, it ends down there a ways.  You can see the road down below, altitute where the photo was taken is around 4,000 feet.


FearlessF

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11253 on: November 03, 2024, 12:45:53 PM »
I suspect that there will be a lot of cheap fuel available and 3rd world countries will use it. Heavy industry will use it too, because a lot of this construction equipment isn’t ideal to run on battery power or electricity.
the ethanol industry will dry up with plenty of cheap gasoline
corn prices will drop
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Brutus Buckeye

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11254 on: November 03, 2024, 12:53:00 PM »
Is the Gilligan's Island set preserved/intact?

847badgerfan

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Re: Weather, Climate, Environment, and Energy
« Reply #11255 on: November 03, 2024, 05:21:53 PM »
Hope this holds. We need a break.

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