The "Socratic Method" is a bit of a buzzword, but who was Socrates?
Most of what we know about Socrates (470-399 B.C) comes from the writings of his student Plato.
Socrates was perhaps the most influential of all ancient Athenians because his student Plato taught Aristotle, and Aristotle taught Alexander the Great.
Socrates was a philosopher who lived in Athens, the cultural center of Ancient Greece.
He spent his adult life training young men how to analyze their own lives, and life in general, including religion, morality, and the political systems of the world.
Socrates urged his students to “know thyself” and to question the commonly held assumptions of Athens.
The method Socrates used with his students involved asking questions.
Socrates’ questions poked holes into the philosophical ideas of his students, and forced them to reformulate their conclusions in a lively discussion.
Students were encouraged to debate honestly and to be open to losing a debate if another’s ideas were better.
Because of Socrates’ method of questioning, his students had to analyze their arguments and question their conclusions.
Often, students altered their conclusions when they realized their arguments could not stand up to questioning from Socrates.
Eventually, Athenian citizens grew angry with Socrates because he challenged young men to question the gods of Athens.
He was arrested and sentenced to death for corrupting the youth and for questioning the city’s gods.
Although he had a chance to escape, he chose instead to follow the judgment of the Athenian leaders.
By not escaping, Socrates sacrificed his life for the right to philosophize, to question authority, and to teach and speak freely.
He also showed by not escaping that it is important to respect the laws of the society one lives in, even if it means giving up your life.
Let us keep his spirit alive by teaching our children to think, speak, and write with courage, even when it is countercultural to do so.