79 Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire, and goes on to destroy Pompeii [approximate date]
1305 Scottish patriot William Wallace is executed for high treason by Edward I of England at Smithfield, London
1799 Napoleon leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power
1839 British capture Hong Kong from China
1889 First ship-to-shore wireless message ("Sherman is sighted") is received in the US from Lightship No. 70 to a coastal receiving station at Cliff House in San Francisco
1914 The Battle of Mons was the first major action of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in the First World War. It was a subsidiary action of the Battle of the Frontiers,Although the British fought well, they were eventually forced to retreat due both to the greater strength of the Germans and the sudden retreat of the French Fifth Army,
1926 Rudolph Valentino Italian actor & silent movie idol, dies of a relapse of pleuritis in NY at 31
1936 17-year-old Cleveland Indians future Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Bob Feller plays his first MLB game as a starter and strikes out 15 St. Louis Browns in a 4-1 win at League Park, Cleveland
1939 Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree to the Molotov-Ribbentrop non-aggression pact and secretly divide Poland between themselves, setting the stage for World War II
1942 Battle of Stalingrad: 600 Luftwaffe planes bomb Stalingrad, killing 40,000 people ( that Molotov-Ribbentrop non-aggression pact worked out well)
1942 Japanese and American aircraft engaged in combat over Darwin, Australia between 1200 and 1245 hours; 7 Japanese bombers, 8 Japanese Zero fighters were shot down by P-40 Warhawk fighters of US 49th Fighter Group. This was to be the last Japanese attempt to raid Darwin.
1942 727 RAF bombers dropped 1,700 tons of explosives on Berlin,Hamburg, Dresden, and Other German Cities
1943 Battle of Kursk, the largest tank battle in history, ends after 50 days as the Soviet Union defeats Germany; over 10,000 tanks take part, and nearly 250,000 combatants are killed
1946 Premiere of "The Big Sleep," directed by Howard Hawks and starring Humphrey Bogart as Philip Marlowe and Lauren Bacall
1960 Oscar Hammerstein (Rodgers & Hammerstein,"Oklahoma!","South Pacific","The King And I",The Sound Of Music"), dies at 65
1966 The Beatles' last concert takes place in Queens, New York City, at Shea Stadium before a crowd of 45,000 with 11,000 unsold seats
1968 Yankees and Tigers play a 3-3 tie in 19 innings due to a 1 am curfew
1974 John Lennon reports seeing a UFO in New York City
1982 Seattle Mariners pitcher Gaylord Perry is ejected for throwing a spitter

(No not Gaylord,the hell you say)
1985 Paul Hornung is awarded $1,160,000 by a Louisville court against the NCAA, which barred him as a college football analyst for betting on games
1989 The LA Dodgers beat the Montreal Expos 1-0 in 22 innings with a home run by Rick Dempsey
1993 Fred McGriff and David Justice are the sixth to hit back-to-back home runs twice in the same game
2002 Hoty Wilhem American Baseball HOF pitcher 8 × MLB All-Star; World Series 1954 NY Giants,dies at 80
2003 Bobby Bonds American MLB baseball outfielder, 1968-81, 3x All-Star, 3x Golden Glove, father of Barry Bonds, dies of lung cancer and brain tumor at 57
2024 Shohei Ohtani of the Los Angeles Angels steals a base and hits a grand slam in a 7-3 win at home over Tampa Bay, becoming just the sixth MLB player to have 40 home runs and 40 stolen bases in a season