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TODAY'S BIRTHDAY: 

Samuel "Uncle Sam" Wilson (1766)
Wilson was an American Revolutionary War veteran who owned a meatpacking plant in Troy, New York. He provided beef to the army during the War of 1812 in barrels stamped "US," indicating that they were US property. According to some sources, the soldiers began joking that the initials stood for "Uncle Sam," referring to Wilson, unwittingly inventing the character that would soon come into widespread use as a symbol of the US government.

THIS DAY IN HISTORY: 

Steam Locomotive John Bull Operates for the First Time (1831)
The John Bull is a steam locomotive that ran on the Camden and Amboy Railroad, the first railroad built in New Jersey. Retired in 1866, the locomotive was acquired by the Smithsonian in 1885 and became the oldest operable steam locomotive in the world in 1981, when it was operated in commemoration of the 150th anniversary of its first use. Though its official name was Stevens, crews began calling it John Bull, and the name eventually stuck.

On this Date in 1944
British Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery launched his daring plan to bypass the Siegfried Line by crossing the lower part of the Rhine River, liberating and driving into the industrial heartland of northern Germany. Code-named Market Garden, the offensive called for three Allied airborne divisions (the “Market” part of the operation) to drop by parachute and glider into the Netherlands, seizing key territory and bridges so that ground forces (the “Garden”) could cross the Rhine.But controversial decisions and unfavorable circumstances began stacking up from the start of Operation Market Garden. Despite their heroic efforts, the Allied forces ultimately failed to achieve their objectives—and sustained devastating losses in the process.

The Second World War by John Keegan The Plan was the most calamitous flaw in the post Normandy campaign .It was more over barely excusable, since Ultra was supplying Montgomery's HQs from Sept 5 onward with intelligence .As early as Sept 12 Monty's own intelligence reported the Germans intended to hold out along the approaches to Antwerp. Monty - despite every warning and contrary to common military sense - refused to turn his troops back in their tracks to clear the Scheldt Estuary. 

 “The little British field-marshal’s neglect of crystal-clear intelligence and of an important strategic opportunity, became a major cause of the Western Allied failure to break into the heart of Germany in 1944".  Despite Ultra’s flagging of the presence near the drop zone of the 9th and 10th SS Panzer Divisions and also showed the Germans alert to the danger of an airborne landing in Holland It was obvious that it would be a very hard to drive the British relief force 70 miles up a single Dutch road, with the surrounding countryside impassable for armor, unless the Germans failed to offer resistance. The decision to launch Operation Market Garden’ against this background was recklessly irresponsible, and the defeat remains a deserved blot on Montgomery’s reputation


https://youtu.be/pZZMaWxIxrU

THIS DAY IN HISTORY:

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Is Formed (1998)
ICANN is a nonprofit corporation that manages domain name systems, the assignment of IP addresses and protocol parameters, and root server systems. The original mandate for ICANN came from a US government proposal to privatize the management of Internet names and addresses to allow for the development of competition and to facilitate global participation in Internet management. Its functions are now performed under US Government contract.

On this day in 1968, The Rolling Stones’ song “Street Fighting Man” was banned from the airwaves in Chicago and a few other U.S. cities.

“Street Fighting Man” is one of the Stones’ most potent and provocative anthems. Beyond its musical innovation, the song’s incendiary lyrics about armed revolution ignited controversy.

Released in the United States in August 1968, this track arrived just as political tensions were boiling over, while in the U.K., it made its debut four months later on the album Beggars Banquet.

The B-side of the American single, “No Expectations,” carries its own weight as one of the last Stones tracks where founding member Brian Jones played a pivotal role. Indeed, “Street Fighting Man” marked the end of an era, as it was the final single to feature Jones.

“Street Fighting Man” originally bore a completely different set of lyrics. However, the escalating violence at political events throughout 1968 inspired Mick Jagger to transform the song into a direct commentary on the unrest.


Released in the wake of a summer rife with political upheaval and shortly after the Beatles dropped their similarly-themed “Revolution,” the track sparked a storm of controversy in the United States.

Many radio stations, wary of the song’s perceived call to arms, boycotted it, resulting in a modest peak at number 48 on the Billboard Hot 100, a sharp contrast to the top-three success of the previous Stones single, “Jumpin’ Jack Flash.”

Despite this lukewarm chart performance, “Street Fighting Man” was lauded by critics and cemented the Rolling Stones’ image as a band unafraid to challenge the status quo. Over time, the song has garnered praise for its sharp lyrics and innovative production, earning a place among the greatest and most influential songs of the 1960s.

The song’s release couldn’t have been more timely, arriving just days after the violent clashes between police and anti-Vietnam War protesters at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago.

Fearing the track might incite further unrest, Chicago radio stations refused to play it—a move that delighted Jagger, who quipped, “I’m rather pleased to hear they have banned the song. The last time they banned one of our records in America, it sold a million.”


Jagger cheekily acknowledged the song’s provocative nature but dismissed the notion that a revolution could be sparked by a record alone: “I wish you could.”

Keith Richards also weighed in, mocking the paranoia of the Chicago radio stations. “If you really want us to cause trouble, we could do a few stage appearances,” he mused. “We are more subversive when we go on stage.”

Didn't Richard the Lion Heart come back and defeat him?

EDIT: nevermind
Yes, Saladin was considered to be defeated by the Crusaders at the Battle of Arsuf during the Third Crusade, where Richard the Lionheart's forces significantly damaged Saladin's army, although he never fully lost control of Jerusalem and the Crusaders ultimately retreated from the region without recapturing the city