The South Dakota-class BBs--South Dakota, Indiana, Massachusetts, and Alabama--immediate predecessors to the Iowas, also had the 45-caliber main guns.
The North Carolina-class--North Carolina and Washington--could have been classified as battle cruisers, as they were under-armored for their gun-size. They were originally designed to have 14-inch main guns and a top speed of 30 knots, but late in the design process the armament was changed to 16-inch guns with a 28-knot top speed. Battleships were theoretically designed to have armor able to stop shells from guns equal to their own, so the North Carolinas were either over-gunned or under-armored, depending on your PoV.
That notwithstanding, the North Carolinas were beautiful ships, the best-looking of all U.S. Navy BBs.