Author
Topic: OT - Weird History
(Read 166905 times)

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3150 on:** March 25, 2024, 08:17:34 PM »

THE ROMAN AQUEDUCT OF CARTHAGE

In the valley of the Miliane ouadi there are the imposing remains of the longest aqueduct ever built by the Romans which brought water to the city of Carthage. Its construction required a major civil engineering intervention that lasted several years.

Built under Hadrian between 120 and 131 and restored in 203 by Septimius Severus, it was damaged by the Vandals and rebuilt in the Byzantine era. The waters were conveyed towards the city directly from the springs of the Zaghouan region, the ancient Roman Ziqua along a route that stretched for 132 km.

Large sections of the countryside remain today of that imposing construction that unfolded in the middle of the Carthaginian plain. The structure of the aqueduct was a simple arch over which the canal that transported the water ran.

The remains show the grandeur of these arches which reach even over 10 meters in height. The aqueduct was ruined by the Arabs during the siege of Carthage in 698, but was reactivated by the Fatimids in the 10th century. and restored in the 13th century by el-Mostancir, to whom numerous deviations date back. Throughout its length, the aqueduct shows different construction techniques, evidence of the numerous restorations it has undergone. The oldest parts are made of stone blocks, the most recent ones are made of brick or terracotta.

In the segment towards Oudna you can still recognize a series of arches surmounted by the stone vaulted conduit.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3151 on:** March 25, 2024, 08:28:29 PM »

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3152 on:** March 26, 2024, 04:51:13 AM »

On this day, March 19th, in Black Ourstory

In 1966, Texas Western University made history in the NCAA Division One basketball tournament.

Coached by Don Haskins, with a team that started five Black players, defeated the University of Kentucky, coached by Adolph Rupp, for the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) basketball Championship. The Texas Western "Miners" starting five included Bobby Joe Hill, Willie Worsley, David Lattin, Orsten Artis, and Harry Flournoy.

Previously, an all-Black team had never played an all-white team in an NCAA title game. The game began with a message. Haskins informed us that Rupp had vowed five Blacks would never beat his team, but Texas Western center David Lattin had a point to prove.

On the Miners' second possession, he took a pass from Bobby Joe Hill and, as Haskins had suggested, slammed a forceful dunk over Kentucky's Pat Riley. "(Lattin) said, 'Take that you white honky,'" recalled UK's Pat Riley. "It was a violent game. I don't mean there were any fights, but they were desperate, and they were committed, and they were more motivated than we were."

The Miners nursed the lead, pulling ahead to stay when Hill converted consecutive steals from Kentucky's guards. Those two layups gave the Miners a 16-11 advantage. They never trailed again.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3153 on:** March 27, 2024, 09:23:29 AM »

The rudders and shafts of the German aircraft carrier Graf Zeppelin on November 25, 1938. She would be launched shortly after this photo was taken.

Graf Zeppelin was fitted with the most powerful machinery fitted to a German capital ship during the Second World War. With sixteen high-pressure boilers and four turbines, Graf Zeppelin was designed to produce 200,000shp. This was calculated to produce an expected top speed of 33.8 knots.

However, the high speed would have been hampered by a relatively short range of 8,000nmi at 19 knots. In contrast, the American Essex class could produce 150,000shp but with an operational range of 20,000nmi at 15 knots.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3154 on:** March 27, 2024, 11:15:33 AM »

medinabuckeye1 · « **Reply #3155 on:** March 27, 2024, 12:17:21 PM »

Quote from: Cincydawg on March 27, 2024, 09:23:29 AM

The rudders and shafts of the German aircraft carrier Graf Zeppelin on November 25, 1938. She would be launched shortly after this photo was taken.
Graf Zeppelin was fitted with the most powerful machinery fitted to a German capital ship during the Second World War. With sixteen high-pressure boilers and four turbines, Graf Zeppelin was designed to produce 200,000shp. This was calculated to produce an expected top speed of 33.8 knots.
However, the high speed would have been hampered by a relatively short range of 8,000nmi at 19 knots. In contrast, the American Essex class could produce 150,000shp but with an operational range of 20,000nmi at 15 knots.
[img width=274.381 height=356]https://i.imgur.com/pBRn5M5.png[/img]

FWIW:
Most European navies had shorter ranged ships than the US and Japan because the North Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Atlantic Ocean are considerably smaller than the Pacific.

This was a tougher nut to crack for the British who had worldwide naval commitments and thus needed ships for both smaller and larger operational areas. Their workaround generally was to possess a global empire including numerous little scattered islands that they could use to refuel/resupply/rearm. For example, this is why they acquired the Falkland Islands 🇫🇰 in the South Atlantic off Argentina and Gibraltar at the Southern tip of Spain. They STILL possess both of those despite significant diplomatic efforts by Spain to acquire Gibraltar and an actual invasion by Argentina to acquire the Falkland Islands. That war resulted in what I believe is the last sinking of an American WWII ship although the ship in question was in Argentine service at the time.

The range and expected combat utilization is also why British carriers had armored decks while American and Japanese carriers did not.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3156 on:** March 27, 2024, 12:26:41 PM »

I'm hard pressed to envision any naval scenario where one German AC carrier in WW 2 would be of benefit. They could cover their areas of interest with land based planes, and I see no way that carrier could make any real foray into the Atlantic. It was a huge waste of resources.

medinabuckeye1 · « **Reply #3157 on:** March 27, 2024, 12:45:20 PM »

Quote from: Cincydawg on March 27, 2024, 12:26:41 PM

I'm hard pressed to envision any naval scenario where one German AC carrier in WW 2 would be of benefit. They could cover their areas of interest with land based planes, and I see no way that carrier could make any real foray into the Atlantic. It was a huge waste of resources.

I agree. The only possible advantage I could see would be the value as a fleet "in being" much like Tirpitz ended up. It was a waste of resources but the RN and USN were compelled to keep enough Battleships available at Scapa Flow to overwhelm it just in case Tirpitz sailed. Thus, there is an argument that building one Battleship could tie up four or five opposing Battleships.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3158 on:** March 27, 2024, 12:48:59 PM »

A battleship could, and did, but a carrier? Imagine that carrier was active with planes and escounced in Norway. Compare that to just having land based planes, in Norway.

I can't imagine any real theater of operations where land based planes wouldn't suffice for Germany.

Carriers were critical in the Pacific for obvious reasons, not so much in the European theater (beyond closing the Gap). Land based planes were generally sufficient.

FearlessF · « **Reply #3159 on:** March 27, 2024, 01:22:03 PM »

Though U.S. pharmacist John S. Pemberton invented Coca-Cola in 1886, his bookkeeper, Frank Robinson invented the name. Robinson had beautiful handwriting, and his flowering script is still used today.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3160 on:** March 27, 2024, 01:46:31 PM »

The museum here is kind of interesting.

FearlessF · « **Reply #3161 on:** March 27, 2024, 02:21:12 PM »

THIS DAY IN HISTORY:

The Tenerife Disaster (1977)
The Tenerife Disaster was a passenger plane accident that resulted in the highest number of fatalities of any single accident in aviation history, excluding ground fatalities. It occurred when two Boeing 747s, a KLM flight in the midst of takeoff and a PanAm flight taxing in the opposite direction, collided at Los Rodeos Airport on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands, killing 583 people.

medinabuckeye1 · « **Reply #3162 on:** March 27, 2024, 02:22:16 PM »

Quote from: Cincydawg on March 27, 2024, 12:48:59 PM

A battleship could, and did, but a carrier? Imagine that carrier was active with planes and escounced in Norway. Compare that to just having land based planes, in Norway.

I can't imagine any real theater of operations where land based planes wouldn't suffice for Germany.

Carriers were critical in the Pacific for obvious reasons, not so much in the European theater (beyond closing the Gap). Land based planes were generally sufficient.

I admit I was reaching, I said "only possible" but here is my theory on that:
The RN and later the USN used a lot of carriers for ASW in the Atlantic.

Suppose that the Graf Zeppelin had been completed, crewed, and equipped with planes*. Then the Germans keep it somewhere in Norway or even in a safer location in Kiel or the Baltic. The RN and USN would probably have had to keep at least two or three carriers in place somewhere (probably Scapa Flow) as a precaution just in case the German Carrier set sail. The theoretical advantage to the Germans is that the two or three RN and USN carriers held in Scapa Flow as a precaution against the Graf Zeppelin aren't out conducting ASW in the North Atlantic so that theoretically makes life a little easier for U-Boat Crews.

*For the purpose that I'm suggesting here the Carrier wouldn't have actually needed a full crew nor planes nor aircrew, they just would have needed the Western Allies to *THINK* it was fully operational. With good operational security you could accomplish that with a skeleton crew and few or no planes like the Japanese successfully did with their Carrier decoy force at the Battle of Leyte Gulf. In that example the Japanese Carriers were fully crewed but they were practically worthless because they lacked planes and aircrew but Halsey didn't know that when he charged off to the North to sink them and left the Northern flank of the Leyte invasion fleet unprotected so the carriers did their job.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3163 on:** March 27, 2024, 03:04:09 PM »

What would the German carrier accomplish? Wouldn't land based planes in the UK pose a highly significant threat to it should it sally forth?

It might, at best, require a squadron or two of torpedo planes to be kept in the UK in the event of.

Or the Germans could have simply invested in more land based planes, a lot more. I think it was laid down more as a political statement than a real weapon.

Perhaps the BEST B1G Forum anywhere, here at College Football Fan Site, CFB51!!!

The 'Old' CFN/Scout Crowd- Enjoy Civil discussion, game analytics, in depth player and coaching 'takes' and discussing topics surrounding the game. You can even have your own free board, all you have to do is ask!!!

Anyone is welcomed and encouraged to join our FREE site and to take part in our community- a community with you- the user, the fan, -and the person- will be protected from intrusive actions and with a clean place to interact.

Topic: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History

medinabuckeye1

Re: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History

medinabuckeye1

Re: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History

FearlessF

Re: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History

FearlessF

Re: OT - Weird History

medinabuckeye1

Re: OT - Weird History

Cincydawg

Re: OT - Weird History