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Topic: OT - Weird History
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FearlessF · « **Reply #3024 on:** February 27, 2024, 07:14:04 AM »

THIS DAY IN HISTORY:
Carbon-14 Discovered (1940)
Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon having a mass number of 14 and a half-life of approximately 5,700 years. It occurs naturally, arising from cosmic rays, and is used as a tracer in studies of metabolism and in radiocarbon dating—a method of determining the age of carbonaceous, once-living material. Carbon-14 was discovered by Martin Kamen and Sam Ruben at the University of California Radiation Laboratory, but its existence had been predicted six years earlier

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3025 on:** February 27, 2024, 07:49:44 AM »

I'm surprised it was that late. When was mass spec discovered?

In 1886, Eugen Goldstein observed rays in gas discharges under low pressure that traveled away from the anode and through channels in a perforated cathode, opposite to the direction of negatively charged cathode rays (which travel from cathode to anode). Goldstein called these positively charged anode rays "Kanalstrahlen"; the standard translation of this term into English is "canal rays". Wilhelm Wien found that strong electric or magnetic fields deflected the canal rays and, in 1899, constructed a device with perpendicular electric and magnetic fields that separated the positive rays according to their charge-to-mass ratio (Q/m). Wien found that the charge-to-mass ratio depended on the nature of the gas in the discharge tube. English scientist J. J. Thomson later improved on the work of Wien by reducing the pressure to create the mass spectrograph.

Calutron mass spectrometers were used in the Manhattan Project for uranium enrichment.
The word spectrograph had become part of the international scientific vocabulary by 1884.^[2]^[3] Early spectrometry devices that measured the mass-to-charge ratio of ions were called mass spectrographs which consisted of instruments that recorded a spectrum of mass values on a photographic plate.^[4]^[5] A mass spectroscope is similar to a mass spectrograph except that the beam of ions is directed onto a phosphor screen.^[6] A mass spectroscope configuration was used in early instruments when it was desired that the effects of adjustments be quickly observed. Once the instrument was properly adjusted, a photographic plate was inserted and exposed. The term mass spectroscope continued to be used even though the direct illumination of a phosphor screen was replaced by indirect measurements with an oscilloscope.^[7] The use of the term mass spectroscopy is now discouraged due to the possibility of confusion with light spectroscopy.^[1]^[8] Mass spectrometry is often abbreviated as mass-spec or simply as MS.^[1]

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3026 on:** February 27, 2024, 07:55:59 AM »

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3027 on:** February 27, 2024, 07:58:57 AM »

FearlessF · « **Reply #3028 on:** February 27, 2024, 09:31:35 AM »

On a small farm just outside of LeClaire, Iowa near the Mississippi River, William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody was born to Isaac and Mary Ann Bonsell Laycock. Buffalo Bill grew up to become one of the most recognized names in the world due to his Wild West show.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3029 on:** February 27, 2024, 01:12:32 PM »

On This Day - February 26, 1949 – Boeing B-50A Superfortress, Air Force serial number 46-010, named Lucky Lady II, flew from Carswell Air Force Base, Fort Worth, Texas, and with inflight refueling, circumnavigated the Earth non-stop, landing back at Carswell after 94 hours, 1 minute. The bomber had traveled 23,452 miles (37,742 kilometers).

Lucky Lady II was the backup aircraft for this flight, but became primary when the first B-50, Global Queen, had to abort with engine problems. It was a standard production B-50A-5-BO (originally designated B-29D) with the exception of an additional fuel tank mounted in its bomb bay.

The aircraft commander was Captain James G. Gallagher, with 1st Lieutenant Arthur M. Neal as second pilot. Captain James H. Morris was the copilot. In addition to the three pilots, the flight was double-crewed, with each man being relieved at 4-to-6 hour intervals, with a total crew of 14.
Four inflight refuelings were required using the looped hose method. Two KB-29M tankers of the 43d Air Refueling Squadron were placed at air bases along the Lucky Lady II‘s route, at the Azores, Saudi Arabia, the Philippine Islands and Hawaiian Islands. The KB-29 flew above the B-50 and lowered a cable and drogue. This was captured by equipment on the bomber and then reeled in, bringing along with it a refueling hose. The hose was attached to the B-50’s refueling manifold and then fuel was transferred from the tanker to the bomber’s tanks by gravity flow. Each refueling occurred during daylight, but weather made several transfers difficult. One of the two tankers from Clark Field in The Philippines, 45-21705, crashed in bad weather when returning to base, killing the entire 9-man crew.

On their arrival at Carswell on 2 March (Photo), the crew of Lucky Lady II was met by Secretary of the Air Force W. Stuart Symington, Jr., General Hoyt S. Vandenberg, Chief of Staff of the Air Force, General Roger M. Ramey, commanding 8th Air Force, and Lieutenant General Curtis E. LeMay, Strategic Air Command. Each member of the crew was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross. They also were awarded the Mackay Trophy for the most meritorious flight of the year.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3030 on:** February 27, 2024, 01:43:13 PM »

"Movies And The Real Old West"
The fast draw did not exist
Revolvers were not worn low slung
Revolvers were generally not fired from the hip
Fanning a revolver was unheard of
The buscadero holster wasn’t designed until the 1920s
Gunslinger and gunfighter are movie terms
Face downs in the street only happened a couple times
More men were killed with knives in barrooms than by firearms
Most cowboys on the range did not carry revolvers, most carried
rifles in saddle boots
Indians preferred to fight at night
Cavalry troopers did not wear yellow bandanas
There was no such military command as Forward Ho!
Most women wore dresses not jeans and rode horses side saddle
Chaps were only worn when herding cattle
There was no such title as Town Sheriff, Sherriff’s enforced laws in the entire county, towns were policed by Marshals
Indians did not attack a wagon train circle by riding in circles around it
Most western forts did not have walls
Army chevron’s were not worn on shirts
One piece red long underwear did not exist until after 1900
Mexican Bandidos did not wear bandoleers
String bowties are 20th century
Panel front shirts were not worn with one top corner unbuttoned and hanging down
Stage coaches did not carry a strongbox full of gold on every run, most holdups were made to rob the passengers
Most men did not carry revolvers all day, every day
The Winchester lever action rifle was “The gun that won the west” not the Colt revolver

FearlessF · « **Reply #3031 on:** February 27, 2024, 11:50:34 PM »

Indians did not attack a wagon train circle by riding in circles around it

MrNubbz · « **Reply #3032 on:** February 28, 2024, 07:24:25 AM »

Quote from: Cincydawg on February 27, 2024, 07:58:57 AM

The 1st thing comes to my mind when opening a beer

MrNubbz · « **Reply #3033 on:** February 28, 2024, 07:25:10 AM »

Quote from: FearlessF on February 27, 2024, 11:50:34 PM

Indians did not attack a wagon train circle by riding in circles around it

Bazing Saddles says it happened

MrNubbz · « **Reply #3034 on:** February 28, 2024, 07:29:34 AM »

Quote from: Cincydawg on February 27, 2024, 01:43:13 PM

"Movies And The Real Old West"
The fast draw did not exist

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/wild-bill-hickok-fights-first-western-showdown
In what may be the first true western showdown, Wild Bill Hickok shoots Dave Tutt dead in the market square of Springfield, Missouri.

Hollywood movies and dime novels notwithstanding, the classic western showdown—also called a walkdown—happened only rarely in the American West. Rather than coolly confronting each other on a dusty street in a deadly game of quick draw, most men began shooting at each other in drunken brawls or spontaneous arguments. Ambushes and cowardly attacks were far more common than noble showdowns.

But when gunfights did occur, the cause for each varied. Some were simply the result of the heat of the moment, while others were longstanding feuds, or between bandits and lawmen.

Cincydawg · « **Reply #3035 on:** February 28, 2024, 07:34:06 AM »

Anyone who has fired a handgun at a target nows how hard it is to hit a human sized target at any distance, forget about a fast draw. One can certainly improve over time, holding the pistol with two hands properly and bracing one's legs. Anyone drawing fast is more likely to spray bullets in the general direction and hit something other than the target versus someone cool who aims properly and fires once, depending on range.

I think the movie imagery does something to keep murders down in urban areas because the shooters spray and pray, and end up wounding innocents more often than targets.

MrNubbz · « **Reply #3036 on:** February 28, 2024, 07:43:41 AM »

Not stating it's not hard - it happened though,hardly the chivalrous affair portrayed

FearlessF · « **Reply #3037 on:** February 28, 2024, 08:25:11 AM »

I imagine it evolved from gentlemanly duels and was better to be accurate than quick

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Topic: OT - Weird History

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