I don't think any other country has anything remotely like how we choose candidates/nominees. It isn't "needed". The party PTBs choose the candidates. Often, certain seats are "safe" so they put in their cousin or whoever as a safe yes vote.
The President of France, Macron, has far greater powers than our President because of de Gaulle. The thing holding him back mostly is the labor unions and farmers.
I think in Russia, they just pick Vladimir, or if he can't run, his "cousin".